EV Database

US and European EV models over time

Running totals of battery-electric models. US counts EPA data. Europe counts WLTP data. Each model counts from its first model year in that series. Each bar adds the two totals.

US (EPA)Europe (WLTP)

  • 2011US 3Europe 0
  • 2012US 10Europe 0
  • 2013US 13Europe 0
  • 2014US 16Europe 0
  • 2015US 18Europe 0
  • 2016US 19Europe 0
  • 2017US 23Europe 0
  • 2018US 23Europe 0
  • 2019US 28Europe 0
  • 2020US 31Europe 53
  • 2021US 36Europe 92
  • 2022US 53Europe 124
  • 2023US 65Europe 166
  • 2024US 85Europe 223
  • 2025US 106Europe 274
  • 2026US 116Europe 294
  • 2027US 124Europe 294

The Electron Motion EV Database covers 3,225 battery electric vehicles from 88 makes, model years 2011 to 2027. EPA range and efficiency figures are estimates from fueleconomy.gov, published by the U.S. Department of Energy and the EPA. Cars sold only in Europe are marked EU and use WLTP ratings. The US (EPA) tab lists 1,587 of them and the EU (WLTP) tab lists 1,638.

Sources: EPA fueleconomy.gov, refreshed weekly, last Nov 5, 2026 · EEA CO2 data 2025 (co2cars_2025Pv31) · UK VCA catalog 2026

3,225 Battery Electric Vehicles

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Model year
Efficiency (Wh/mi)
Drive
VehicleNameYearEPA efficiencyEPA effWLTP efficiencyWLTP effEPA rangeEPA range WLTP rangeWLTP rangeMSRP (US)
Opel Frontera Electric Electric 44kWh 113 hp EU 2026 Not available 327 Wh/mi (3.06 mi/kWh)203 Wh/km (4.93 km/kWh) Not available 169 mi272 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Mercedes-Benz EQT EU 2025 Not available 322 Wh/mi (3.11 mi/kWh)200 Wh/km (5.00 km/kWh) Not available 168 mi271 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Renault Kangoo E-Tech EU 2023 Not available 325 Wh/mi (3.08 mi/kWh)202 Wh/km (4.95 km/kWh) Not available 168 mi271 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Hyundai Ioniq 5 Robo taxi 2026 475 Wh/mi (2.10 mi/kWh)295 Wh/km (3.39 km/kWh) Not available 168 mi270 km Not available N/A
Hyundai Ioniq 5 Robo taxi 2025 475 Wh/mi (2.10 mi/kWh)295 Wh/km (3.39 km/kWh) Not available 168 mi270 km Not available N/A
Dacia Spring Expression Electric 65hp EU 2026 Not available 212 Wh/mi (4.71 mi/kWh)132 Wh/km (7.58 km/kWh) Not available 168 mi270 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Nissan LEAF 40B ACEN MY21 EU 2026 Not available 332 Wh/mi (3.02 mi/kWh)206 Wh/km (4.85 km/kWh) Not available 168 mi270 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Renault Kangoo E-Tech Electric EU 2023 Not available 325 Wh/mi (3.08 mi/kWh)202 Wh/km (4.95 km/kWh) Not available 168 mi270 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Dacia Spring Extreme Electric 65hp EU 2026 Not available 212 Wh/mi (4.71 mi/kWh)132 Wh/km (7.58 km/kWh) Not available 167 mi269 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Fiat E-Doblo EU 2022 Not available 336 Wh/mi (2.97 mi/kWh)209 Wh/km (4.78 km/kWh) Not available 165 mi266 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Leapmotor T03 EU 2023 Not available 262 Wh/mi (3.81 mi/kWh)163 Wh/km (6.13 km/kWh) Not available 165 mi265 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Leapmotor T03 EU 2023 Not available 262 Wh/mi (3.81 mi/kWh)163 Wh/km (6.13 km/kWh) Not available 165 mi265 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Leapmotor T03 EU 2023 Not available 262 Wh/mi (3.81 mi/kWh)163 Wh/km (6.13 km/kWh) Not available 165 mi265 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Toyota Proace City Verso Electric 50 EU 2022 Not available 338 Wh/mi (2.96 mi/kWh)210 Wh/km (4.76 km/kWh) Not available 165 mi265 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Abarth 500e EU 2023 Not available 277 Wh/mi (3.61 mi/kWh)172 Wh/km (5.81 km/kWh) Not available 164 mi264 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
MG ZS EV EU 2021 Not available 299 Wh/mi (3.34 mi/kWh)186 Wh/km (5.38 km/kWh) Not available 163 mi263 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Mercedes-Benz EQT 200 EU 2025 Not available 341 Wh/mi (2.93 mi/kWh)212 Wh/km (4.72 km/kWh) Not available 162 mi260 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Maxus Euniq 5 EU 2021 Not available 372 Wh/mi (2.69 mi/kWh)231 Wh/km (4.33 km/kWh) Not available 162 mi260 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Volkswagen e-Up! EU 2020 Not available 232 Wh/mi (4.32 mi/kWh)144 Wh/km (6.94 km/kWh) Not available 160 mi258 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Fiat 500e All Season EU 2023 Not available 288 Wh/mi (3.47 mi/kWh)179 Wh/km (5.59 km/kWh) Not available 158 mi255 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Elaris Pio EU 2022 Not available 238 Wh/mi (4.20 mi/kWh)148 Wh/km (6.76 km/kWh) Not available 158 mi255 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Škoda Citigo EU 2020 Not available 237 Wh/mi (4.23 mi/kWh)147 Wh/km (6.80 km/kWh) Not available 158 mi254 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
MINI Cooper SE Hardtop 2 door EU 2021 Not available 240 Wh/mi (4.17 mi/kWh)149 Wh/km (6.71 km/kWh) Not available 157 mi253 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
SEAT Mii EU 2020 Not available 240 Wh/mi (4.17 mi/kWh)149 Wh/km (6.71 km/kWh) Not available 156 mi251 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Toyota Proace Verso Electric OR EU 2025 Not available 542 Wh/mi (1.84 mi/kWh)337 Wh/km (2.97 km/kWh) Not available 153 mi247 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Mercedes-Benz eVito Tourer EU 2020 Not available 436 Wh/mi (2.29 mi/kWh)271 Wh/km (3.69 km/kWh) Not available 153 mi247 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Mercedes-Benz eVito Tourer Standard Range (Pro) EU 2020 Not available 436 Wh/mi (2.29 mi/kWh)271 Wh/km (3.69 km/kWh) Not available 153 mi247 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
BMW i3 2021 298 Wh/mi (3.36 mi/kWh)185 Wh/km (5.40 km/kWh) Not available 153 mi246 km Not available N/A
BMW i3 s 2021 298 Wh/mi (3.36 mi/kWh)185 Wh/km (5.40 km/kWh) Not available 153 mi246 km Not available N/A
BMW i3 2020 298 Wh/mi (3.36 mi/kWh)185 Wh/km (5.40 km/kWh) Not available 153 mi246 km Not available N/A
BMW i3 s 2020 298 Wh/mi (3.36 mi/kWh)185 Wh/km (5.40 km/kWh) Not available 153 mi246 km Not available N/A
BMW i3 2019 298 Wh/mi (3.36 mi/kWh)185 Wh/km (5.40 km/kWh) Not available 153 mi246 km Not available N/A
BMW i3 s 2019 298 Wh/mi (3.36 mi/kWh)185 Wh/km (5.40 km/kWh) Not available 153 mi246 km Not available N/A
Citroën ë-Berlingo 100kW EV with 50kWh battery EU 2026 Not available 365 Wh/mi (2.74 mi/kWh)227 Wh/km (4.41 km/kWh) Not available 152 mi245 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Peugeot e-Rifter Electric 50kWh EU 2026 Not available 365 Wh/mi (2.74 mi/kWh)227 Wh/km (4.41 km/kWh) Not available 152 mi245 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Abarth 500e EU 2023 Not available 301 Wh/mi (3.32 mi/kWh)187 Wh/km (5.35 km/kWh) Not available 152 mi244 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Nissan Leaf 2018 300 Wh/mi (3.33 mi/kWh)186 Wh/km (5.36 km/kWh) Not available 151 mi243 km Not available N/A
Nissan Leaf (40 kW-hr battery pack) 2019 302 Wh/mi (3.31 mi/kWh)188 Wh/km (5.33 km/kWh) Not available 150 mi241 km Not available N/A
Fiat 500e 2026 292 Wh/mi (3.43 mi/kWh)181 Wh/km (5.52 km/kWh) Not available 149 mi240 km Not available MSRP (US) $35,700 (Price checked October 16, 2026)
Fiat 500e 2025 292 Wh/mi (3.43 mi/kWh)181 Wh/km (5.52 km/kWh) Not available 149 mi240 km Not available N/A
Nissan Leaf 2025 304 Wh/mi (3.29 mi/kWh)189 Wh/km (5.29 km/kWh) Not available 149 mi240 km Not available N/A
Fiat 500e 2024 292 Wh/mi (3.43 mi/kWh)181 Wh/km (5.52 km/kWh) Not available 149 mi240 km Not available N/A
Nissan Leaf 2024 304 Wh/mi (3.29 mi/kWh)189 Wh/km (5.29 km/kWh) Not available 149 mi240 km Not available N/A
Nissan Leaf 2023 304 Wh/mi (3.29 mi/kWh)189 Wh/km (5.29 km/kWh) Not available 149 mi240 km Not available N/A
Nissan Leaf (40 kW-hr battery pack) 2022 304 Wh/mi (3.29 mi/kWh)189 Wh/km (5.29 km/kWh) Not available 149 mi240 km Not available N/A
Nissan Leaf (40 kW-hr battery pack) 2021 304 Wh/mi (3.29 mi/kWh)189 Wh/km (5.29 km/kWh) Not available 149 mi240 km Not available N/A
Nissan Leaf (40 kW-hr battery pack) 2020 304 Wh/mi (3.29 mi/kWh)189 Wh/km (5.29 km/kWh) Not available 149 mi240 km Not available N/A
Citroën ë-SpaceTourer 50KWh Electric EU 2026 Not available 370 Wh/mi (2.70 mi/kWh)230 Wh/km (4.35 km/kWh) Not available 148 mi238 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Peugeot e-Traveller Electric 50kWh EU 2026 Not available 370 Wh/mi (2.70 mi/kWh)230 Wh/km (4.35 km/kWh) Not available 148 mi238 km N/A (No price data for this region.)
Opel Vivaro Electric Combi Electric (136PS) auto � 49kWh battery EU 2026 Not available 360 Wh/mi (2.77 mi/kWh)224 Wh/km (4.46 km/kWh) Not available 145 mi234 km N/A (No price data for this region.)

Prices exclude taxes and fees, confirm pricing with seller.

EPA and WLTP stay in separate columns. Miles are on the first line in both, kilometers on the second. Sorting uses the EPA value, then WLTP when EPA is missing.

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Highlighted brands have 2026 or 2027 models on sale. Grayed-out brands only have older models in the database.

Data updated .