EV Database

US and European EV models over time

Running totals of battery-electric models. US counts EPA data. Europe counts WLTP data. Each model counts from its first model year in that series. Each bar adds the two totals.

US (EPA)Europe (WLTP)

  • 2011US 3Europe 0
  • 2012US 10Europe 0
  • 2013US 13Europe 0
  • 2014US 16Europe 0
  • 2015US 18Europe 0
  • 2016US 19Europe 0
  • 2017US 23Europe 0
  • 2018US 23Europe 0
  • 2019US 28Europe 0
  • 2020US 31Europe 53
  • 2021US 36Europe 92
  • 2022US 53Europe 124
  • 2023US 65Europe 167
  • 2024US 85Europe 225
  • 2025US 106Europe 276
  • 2026US 116Europe 303
  • 2027US 124Europe 303

The Electron Motion EV Database covers 3,623 battery electric vehicles from 97 makes, model years 2011 to 2027. EPA range and efficiency figures are estimates from fueleconomy.gov, published by the U.S. Department of Energy and the EPA. Cars sold only in Europe are marked EU and use WLTP ratings.

3,223 Battery Electric Vehicles

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Efficiency (Wh/mi)
Drive
VehicleNameYearEPA efficiencyEPA effWLTP efficiencyWLTP effEPA rangeEPA range WLTP rangeWLTP rangeMSRP
Peugeot e-Traveller Electric 50kWh EU 2026 Not available 370 Wh/mi (2.70 mi/kWh)230 Wh/km (4.35 km/kWh) Not available 148 mi238 km Not available
Opel Vivaro Electric Combi Electric (136PS) auto � 49kWh battery EU 2026 Not available 360 Wh/mi (2.77 mi/kWh)224 Wh/km (4.46 km/kWh) Not available 145 mi234 km Not available
Citroën ë-C3 Electric 113 hp Urban Range EU 2026 Not available 246 Wh/mi (4.06 mi/kWh)153 Wh/km (6.54 km/kWh) Not available 144 mi232 km Not available
MINI Cooper SE Hardtop 2 door EU 2021 Not available 249 Wh/mi (4.01 mi/kWh)155 Wh/km (6.45 km/kWh) Not available 144 mi231 km Not available
Volkswagen E-golf EU 2020 Not available 248 Wh/mi (4.03 mi/kWh)154 Wh/km (6.49 km/kWh) Not available 144 mi231 km Not available
Dacia Spring EU 2022 Not available 224 Wh/mi (4.47 mi/kWh)139 Wh/km (7.19 km/kWh) Not available 143 mi230 km Not available
Dacia Spring Expression Electric 65hp EU 2026 Not available 212 Wh/mi (4.71 mi/kWh)132 Wh/km (7.58 km/kWh) Not available 142 mi229 km Not available
MINI Cooper SE Hardtop 2 door EU 2021 Not available 251 Wh/mi (3.98 mi/kWh)156 Wh/km (6.41 km/kWh) Not available 142 mi229 km Not available
MINI Cooper SE Hardtop 2 door EU 2021 Not available 251 Wh/mi (3.98 mi/kWh)156 Wh/km (6.41 km/kWh) Not available 142 mi229 km Not available
Volkswagen Golf EU 2020 Not available 256 Wh/mi (3.91 mi/kWh)159 Wh/km (6.29 km/kWh) Not available 142 mi229 km Not available
Dacia Spring EU 2020 Not available 212 Wh/mi (4.71 mi/kWh)132 Wh/km (7.58 km/kWh) Not available 142 mi228 km Not available
MINI 3-DARS EU 2023 Not available 254 Wh/mi (3.93 mi/kWh)158 Wh/km (6.33 km/kWh) Not available 141 mi227 km Not available
Fiat 500e All Season 2026 305 Wh/mi (3.28 mi/kWh)190 Wh/km (5.27 km/kWh) Not available 141 mi227 km Not available Not available
Fiat 500e All Season 2025 305 Wh/mi (3.28 mi/kWh)190 Wh/km (5.27 km/kWh) Not available 141 mi227 km Not available Not available
Fiat 500e All Season 2024 305 Wh/mi (3.28 mi/kWh)190 Wh/km (5.27 km/kWh) Not available 141 mi227 km Not available Not available
Dacia Spring Expression Electric 45hp EU 2026 Not available 227 Wh/mi (4.41 mi/kWh)141 Wh/km (7.09 km/kWh) Not available 140 mi225 km Not available
Dacia Spring Extreme Electric 100 EU 2026 Not available 201 Wh/mi (4.97 mi/kWh)125 Wh/km (8.00 km/kWh) Not available 140 mi225 km Not available
Volkswagen Golf EU 2020 Not available 254 Wh/mi (3.93 mi/kWh)158 Wh/km (6.33 km/kWh) Not available 140 mi225 km Not available
Dacia Spring Expression 70 MY26 EU 2026 Not available 201 Wh/mi (4.97 mi/kWh)125 Wh/km (8.00 km/kWh) Not available 139 mi224 km Not available
Tesla Model S (40 kW-hr battery pack) 2013 360 Wh/mi (2.78 mi/kWh)224 Wh/km (4.47 km/kWh) Not available 139 mi224 km Not available Not available
Dacia Spring Extreme Electric 100 EU 2026 Not available 201 Wh/mi (4.97 mi/kWh)125 Wh/km (8.00 km/kWh) Not available 139 mi223 km Not available
Dacia Spring Extreme Electric 100 EU 2026 Not available 200 Wh/mi (5.01 mi/kWh)124 Wh/km (8.06 km/kWh) Not available 139 mi223 km Not available
Citroën Nuevo EU 2021 Not available 404 Wh/mi (2.48 mi/kWh)251 Wh/km (3.98 km/kWh) Not available 137 mi221 km Not available
Dacia Spring Cargo 70 MY26 EU 2026 Not available 209 Wh/mi (4.78 mi/kWh)130 Wh/km (7.69 km/kWh) Not available 133 mi214 km Not available
Elaris Pio EU 2023 Not available 238 Wh/mi (4.20 mi/kWh)148 Wh/km (6.76 km/kWh) Not available 132 mi212 km Not available
DR EQ1 EU 2024 Not available 251 Wh/mi (3.98 mi/kWh)156 Wh/km (6.41 km/kWh) Not available 130 mi210 km Not available
Honda Advance EU 2020 Not available 286 Wh/mi (3.49 mi/kWh)178 Wh/km (5.62 km/kWh) Not available 130 mi210 km Not available
BYD e6 2014 540 Wh/mi (1.85 mi/kWh)336 Wh/km (2.98 km/kWh) Not available 127 mi204 km Not available Not available
BYD e6 2013 540 Wh/mi (1.85 mi/kWh)336 Wh/km (2.98 km/kWh) Not available 127 mi204 km Not available Not available
Volkswagen Golf/GTI e-Golf 2019 284 Wh/mi (3.52 mi/kWh)177 Wh/km (5.66 km/kWh) Not available 125 mi201 km Not available Not available
Volkswagen Golf/GTI e-Golf 2018 284 Wh/mi (3.52 mi/kWh)177 Wh/km (5.66 km/kWh) Not available 125 mi201 km Not available Not available
Volkswagen Golf/GTI e-Golf 2017 284 Wh/mi (3.52 mi/kWh)177 Wh/km (5.66 km/kWh) Not available 125 mi201 km Not available Not available
MINI Cooper SE Hardtop 2 door EU 2023 Not available 277 Wh/mi (3.61 mi/kWh)172 Wh/km (5.81 km/kWh) Not available 125 mi201 km Not available
Mazda MX-30 E-skyactiv Mako EU 2020 Not available 288 Wh/mi (3.47 mi/kWh)179 Wh/km (5.59 km/kWh) Not available 124 mi200 km Not available
Nissan E NV200 EU 2020 Not available 417 Wh/mi (2.40 mi/kWh)259 Wh/km (3.86 km/kWh) Not available 124 mi200 km Not available
Hyundai Ioniq Electric 2019 250 Wh/mi (4.00 mi/kWh)155 Wh/km (6.44 km/kWh) Not available 124 mi200 km Not available Not available
Hyundai Ioniq Electric 2018 250 Wh/mi (4.00 mi/kWh)155 Wh/km (6.44 km/kWh) Not available 124 mi200 km Not available Not available
Hyundai Ioniq Electric 2017 250 Wh/mi (4.00 mi/kWh)155 Wh/km (6.44 km/kWh) Not available 124 mi200 km Not available Not available
BYD e6 2012 540 Wh/mi (1.85 mi/kWh)336 Wh/km (2.98 km/kWh) Not available 122 mi196 km Not available Not available
Citroën ë-SpaceTourer 50KWh Electric EU 2026 Not available 454 Wh/mi (2.20 mi/kWh)282 Wh/km (3.55 km/kWh) Not available 122 mi196 km Not available
Opel Vivaro Electric Combi Electric (136PS) auto � 49kWh battery EU 2026 Not available 430 Wh/mi (2.33 mi/kWh)267 Wh/km (3.75 km/kWh) Not available 122 mi196 km Not available
Peugeot e-Traveller Electric 50kWh EU 2026 Not available 454 Wh/mi (2.20 mi/kWh)282 Wh/km (3.55 km/kWh) Not available 122 mi196 km Not available
Fiat 500e EU 2021 Not available 209 Wh/mi (4.78 mi/kWh)130 Wh/km (7.69 km/kWh) Not available 118 mi190 km Not available
Fiat 500e EU 2020 Not available 209 Wh/mi (4.78 mi/kWh)130 Wh/km (7.69 km/kWh) Not available 118 mi190 km Not available
Citroën ë-C3 Electric 113 hp Urban Range EU 2026 Not available 296 Wh/mi (3.38 mi/kWh)184 Wh/km (5.43 km/kWh) Not available 117 mi188 km Not available
Renault Twingo E-Tech EU 2023 Not available 245 Wh/mi (4.09 mi/kWh)152 Wh/km (6.58 km/kWh) Not available 117 mi188 km Not available
Renault Twingo E-Tech EU 2020 Not available 245 Wh/mi (4.09 mi/kWh)152 Wh/km (6.58 km/kWh) Not available 116 mi187 km Not available
Ford Focus Electric 2018 315 Wh/mi (3.18 mi/kWh)196 Wh/km (5.11 km/kWh) Not available 115 mi185 km Not available Not available
Ford Focus Electric 2017 310 Wh/mi (3.23 mi/kWh)193 Wh/km (5.19 km/kWh) Not available 115 mi185 km Not available Not available
MINI Cooper SE Hardtop 2 door 2024 307 Wh/mi (3.26 mi/kWh)191 Wh/km (5.24 km/kWh) Not available 114 mi183 km Not available Not available

EPA and WLTP stay in separate columns. Miles are on the first line in both, kilometers on the second. Sorting uses the EPA value, then WLTP when EPA is missing.

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Highlighted brands have 2026 or 2027 models on sale. Grayed-out brands only have older models in the database.

Data updated .