EV Database

US and European EV models over time

Running totals of battery-electric models. US counts EPA data. Europe counts WLTP data. Each model counts from its first model year in that series. Each bar adds the two totals.

US (EPA)Europe (WLTP)

  • 2011US 3Europe 0
  • 2012US 10Europe 0
  • 2013US 13Europe 0
  • 2014US 16Europe 0
  • 2015US 18Europe 0
  • 2016US 19Europe 0
  • 2017US 23Europe 0
  • 2018US 23Europe 0
  • 2019US 28Europe 0
  • 2020US 31Europe 53
  • 2021US 36Europe 92
  • 2022US 53Europe 124
  • 2023US 65Europe 167
  • 2024US 85Europe 225
  • 2025US 106Europe 276
  • 2026US 116Europe 303
  • 2027US 124Europe 303

The Electron Motion EV Database covers 3,623 battery electric vehicles from 97 makes, model years 2011 to 2027. EPA range and efficiency figures are estimates from fueleconomy.gov, published by the U.S. Department of Energy and the EPA. Cars sold only in Europe are marked EU and use WLTP ratings.

3,223 Battery Electric Vehicles

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Efficiency (Wh/mi)
Drive
VehicleNameYearEPA efficiencyEPA effWLTP efficiencyWLTP effEPA rangeEPA rangeWLTP rangeWLTP rangeMSRP
smart #1 EU 2022 Not available 280 Wh/mi (3.57 mi/kWh)174 Wh/km (5.75 km/kWh) Not available 261 mi420 km Not available
Subaru Solterra AWD EU 2022 Not available 288 Wh/mi (3.47 mi/kWh)179 Wh/km (5.59 km/kWh) Not available 258 mi416 km Not available
Tesla Model 3 Long Range AWD 2022 258 Wh/mi (3.87 mi/kWh)160 Wh/km (6.23 km/kWh) Not available 358 mi576 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model 3 Long Range AWD-E EU 2022 Not available 237 Wh/mi (4.23 mi/kWh)147 Wh/km (6.80 km/kWh) Not available 374 mi602 km Not available
Tesla Model 3 Performance AWD 2022 300 Wh/mi (3.34 mi/kWh)186 Wh/km (5.37 km/kWh) Not available 315 mi507 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model 3 RWD 2022 255 Wh/mi (3.92 mi/kWh)158 Wh/km (6.31 km/kWh) Not available 272 mi438 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S EU 2022 Not available 282 Wh/mi (3.55 mi/kWh)175 Wh/km (5.71 km/kWh) Not available 394 mi634 km Not available
Tesla Model S 2022 282 Wh/mi (3.55 mi/kWh)175 Wh/km (5.71 km/kWh) Not available 405 mi652 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S Plaid (19 inch wheels) 2022 292 Wh/mi (3.43 mi/kWh)181 Wh/km (5.52 km/kWh) Not available 396 mi637 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S Plaid (19in wheels) EU 2022 Not available 301 Wh/mi (3.32 mi/kWh)187 Wh/km (5.35 km/kWh) Not available 373 mi600 km Not available
Tesla Model S Plaid (21 inch wheels) 2022 335 Wh/mi (2.99 mi/kWh)208 Wh/km (4.81 km/kWh) Not available 348 mi560 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model X 2022 331 Wh/mi (3.02 mi/kWh)206 Wh/km (4.87 km/kWh) Not available 348 mi560 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model X EU 2022 Not available 335 Wh/mi (2.99 mi/kWh)208 Wh/km (4.81 km/kWh) Not available 337 mi543 km Not available
Tesla Model X Plaid (20 inch wheels) 2022 344 Wh/mi (2.91 mi/kWh)214 Wh/km (4.68 km/kWh) Not available 333 mi536 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model X Plaid (22 inch wheels) 2022 369 Wh/mi (2.71 mi/kWh)229 Wh/km (4.36 km/kWh) Not available 311 mi501 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model Y AWD 2022 275 Wh/mi (3.64 mi/kWh)171 Wh/km (5.85 km/kWh) Not available 279 mi449 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model Y Long Range AWD EU 2022 Not available 272 Wh/mi (3.68 mi/kWh)169 Wh/km (5.92 km/kWh) Not available 331 mi533 km Not available
Tesla Model Y Long Range AWD 2022 276 Wh/mi (3.62 mi/kWh)172 Wh/km (5.82 km/kWh) Not available 330 mi531 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model Y Long Range AWD-I EU 2022 Not available 272 Wh/mi (3.68 mi/kWh)169 Wh/km (5.92 km/kWh) Not available 331 mi533 km Not available
Tesla Model Y Performance AWD 2022 305 Wh/mi (3.28 mi/kWh)189 Wh/km (5.28 km/kWh) Not available 303 mi488 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model Y RWD 2022 260 Wh/mi (3.84 mi/kWh)162 Wh/km (6.18 km/kWh) Not available 244 mi393 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model Y RWD EU 2022 Not available 238 Wh/mi (4.20 mi/kWh)148 Wh/km (6.76 km/kWh) Not available 283 mi455 km Not available
Toyota bZ4X AWD EU 2022 Not available 261 Wh/mi (3.84 mi/kWh)162 Wh/km (6.17 km/kWh) Not available 286 mi461 km Not available
Toyota bZ4X SUV EU 2022 Not available 237 Wh/mi (4.23 mi/kWh)147 Wh/km (6.80 km/kWh) Not available 313 mi503 km Not available
Toyota GT86 EU 2022 Not available 291 Wh/mi (3.43 mi/kWh)181 Wh/km (5.52 km/kWh) Not available 255 mi411 km Not available
Toyota GT86 EU 2022 Not available 270 Wh/mi (3.70 mi/kWh)168 Wh/km (5.95 km/kWh) Not available 271 mi436 km Not available
Toyota Proace City Verso Electric 50 EU 2022 Not available 296 Wh/mi (3.38 mi/kWh)184 Wh/km (5.43 km/kWh) Not available 209 mi337 km Not available
Toyota Proace City Verso Electric 50 EU 2022 Not available 338 Wh/mi (2.96 mi/kWh)210 Wh/km (4.76 km/kWh) Not available 165 mi265 km Not available
Volkswagen ID. Buzz Pro 150 kW EU 2022 Not available 340 Wh/mi (2.94 mi/kWh)211 Wh/km (4.74 km/kWh) Not available 257 mi413 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.3PRO 107 kW EU 2022 Not available 246 Wh/mi (4.06 mi/kWh)153 Wh/km (6.54 km/kWh) Not available 265 mi426 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.3PRO 150 kW EU 2022 Not available 312 Wh/mi (3.20 mi/kWh)194 Wh/km (5.15 km/kWh) Not available 203 mi326 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.3PRO 150 kW EU 2022 Not available 241 Wh/mi (4.14 mi/kWh)150 Wh/km (6.67 km/kWh) Not available 268 mi432 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.4 AWD Pro 2022 334 Wh/mi (3.00 mi/kWh)207 Wh/km (4.82 km/kWh) Not available 251 mi404 km Not available Not available
Volkswagen ID.4 AWD Pro S EU 2022 Not available 270 Wh/mi (3.70 mi/kWh)168 Wh/km (5.95 km/kWh) Not available 326 mi524 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.4 AWD Pro S 2022 355 Wh/mi (2.82 mi/kWh)220 Wh/km (4.54 km/kWh) Not available 245 mi394 km Not available Not available
Volkswagen ID.4 GTX 220 kW EU 2022 Not available 377 Wh/mi (2.66 mi/kWh)234 Wh/km (4.27 km/kWh) Not available 227 mi365 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.4 Pro 2022 320 Wh/mi (3.13 mi/kWh)199 Wh/km (5.03 km/kWh) Not available 275 mi443 km Not available Not available
Volkswagen ID.4 Pro 150 kW EU 2022 Not available 348 Wh/mi (2.88 mi/kWh)216 Wh/km (4.63 km/kWh) Not available 245 mi394 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.4 Pro S 2022 330 Wh/mi (3.03 mi/kWh)205 Wh/km (4.88 km/kWh) Not available 262 mi422 km Not available Not available
Volkswagen ID.5 GTX 220 kW EU 2022 Not available 285 Wh/mi (3.51 mi/kWh)177 Wh/km (5.65 km/kWh) Not available 309 mi498 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.5 GTX 220 kW EU 2022 Not available 377 Wh/mi (2.66 mi/kWh)234 Wh/km (4.27 km/kWh) Not available 227 mi365 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.5 Pro EU 2022 Not available 274 Wh/mi (3.66 mi/kWh)170 Wh/km (5.88 km/kWh) Not available 324 mi522 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.5 Pro EU 2022 Not available 259 Wh/mi (3.86 mi/kWh)161 Wh/km (6.21 km/kWh) Not available 340 mi547 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.5 Pro 128 kW EU 2022 Not available 266 Wh/mi (3.77 mi/kWh)165 Wh/km (6.06 km/kWh) Not available 329 mi530 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.5 Pro 150 kW EU 2022 Not available 267 Wh/mi (3.74 mi/kWh)166 Wh/km (6.02 km/kWh) Not available 328 mi528 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.5 Pro 150 kW EU 2022 Not available 348 Wh/mi (2.88 mi/kWh)216 Wh/km (4.63 km/kWh) Not available 245 mi394 km Not available
Volkswagen ID.5 Pure EU 2022 Not available 275 Wh/mi (3.63 mi/kWh)171 Wh/km (5.85 km/kWh) Not available 219 mi352 km Not available
Volvo C40 EU 2022 Not available 291 Wh/mi (3.43 mi/kWh)181 Wh/km (5.52 km/kWh) Not available 272 mi437 km Not available
Volvo C40 Recharge twin 2022 385 Wh/mi (2.60 mi/kWh)239 Wh/km (4.18 km/kWh) Not available 226 mi364 km Not available Not available
Volvo C40 Recharge twin EU 2022 Not available 296 Wh/mi (3.38 mi/kWh)184 Wh/km (5.43 km/kWh) Not available 267 mi429 km Not available

EPA and WLTP stay in separate columns. Miles are on the first line in both, kilometers on the second. Sorting uses the EPA value, then WLTP when EPA is missing.

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Highlighted brands have 2026 or 2027 models on sale. Grayed-out brands only have older models in the database.

Data updated .