EV Database

US and European EV models over time

Running totals of battery-electric models. US counts EPA data. Europe counts WLTP data. Each model counts from its first model year in that series.

US (EPA)Europe (WLTP)

  • US 3Europe 02011
  • US 10Europe 02012
  • US 13Europe 02013
  • US 16Europe 02014
  • US 18Europe 02015
  • US 19Europe 02016
  • US 23Europe 02017
  • US 23Europe 02018
  • US 28Europe 02019
  • US 31Europe 532020
  • US 36Europe 922021
  • US 53Europe 1242022
  • US 65Europe 1672023
  • US 85Europe 2252024
  • US 106Europe 2762025
  • US 116Europe 3032026
  • US 124Europe 3032027

The Electron Motion EV Database covers 3,623 battery electric vehicles from 97 makes, model years 2011 to 2027. EPA range and efficiency figures are estimates from fueleconomy.gov, published by the U.S. Department of Energy and the EPA. Cars sold only in Europe are marked EU and use WLTP ratings.

3,223 Battery Electric Vehicles

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Efficiency (Wh/mi)
Drive
VehicleNameYearEPA efficiencyEPA effWLTP efficiencyWLTP effEPA rangeEPA rangeWLTP rangeWLTP rangeMSRP
Tesla Model S AWD – 60D 2016 320 Wh/mi (3.13 mi/kWh)199 Wh/km (5.03 km/kWh) Not available 218 mi351 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – 70D 2016 330 Wh/mi (3.03 mi/kWh)205 Wh/km (4.88 km/kWh) Not available 240 mi386 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – 75D 2016 330 Wh/mi (3.03 mi/kWh)205 Wh/km (4.88 km/kWh) Not available 259 mi417 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – 85D 2016 340 Wh/mi (2.94 mi/kWh)211 Wh/km (4.73 km/kWh) Not available 270 mi435 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – 90D 2016 330 Wh/mi (3.03 mi/kWh)205 Wh/km (4.88 km/kWh) Not available 294 mi473 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – P100D 2016 350 Wh/mi (2.86 mi/kWh)217 Wh/km (4.60 km/kWh) Not available 315 mi507 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – P85D 2016 360 Wh/mi (2.78 mi/kWh)224 Wh/km (4.47 km/kWh) Not available 253 mi407 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – P90D 2016 350 Wh/mi (2.86 mi/kWh)217 Wh/km (4.60 km/kWh) Not available 270 mi435 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model X AWD – 60D 2016 360 Wh/mi (2.78 mi/kWh)224 Wh/km (4.47 km/kWh) Not available 200 mi322 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model X AWD – 75D 2016 360 Wh/mi (2.78 mi/kWh)224 Wh/km (4.47 km/kWh) Not available 238 mi383 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model X AWD – 90D 2016 370 Wh/mi (2.70 mi/kWh)230 Wh/km (4.35 km/kWh) Not available 257 mi414 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model X AWD – P100D 2016 390 Wh/mi (2.56 mi/kWh)242 Wh/km (4.13 km/kWh) Not available 289 mi465 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model X AWD – P90D 2016 380 Wh/mi (2.63 mi/kWh)236 Wh/km (4.24 km/kWh) Not available 250 mi402 km Not available Not available
Volkswagen Golf/GTI e-Golf 2016 292 Wh/mi (3.43 mi/kWh)181 Wh/km (5.52 km/kWh) Not available 83 mi134 km Not available Not available
BMW i3 BEV 2015 270 Wh/mi (3.70 mi/kWh)168 Wh/km (5.96 km/kWh) Not available 81 mi130 km Not available Not available
Chevrolet Spark EV 2015 283 Wh/mi (3.53 mi/kWh)176 Wh/km (5.68 km/kWh) Not available 82 mi132 km Not available Not available
Fiat 500e 2015 292 Wh/mi (3.43 mi/kWh)181 Wh/km (5.52 km/kWh) Not available 87 mi140 km Not available Not available
Ford Focus Electric 2015 320 Wh/mi (3.13 mi/kWh)199 Wh/km (5.03 km/kWh) Not available 76 mi122 km Not available Not available
Kia Soul Electric 2015 320 Wh/mi (3.13 mi/kWh)199 Wh/km (5.03 km/kWh) Not available 93 mi150 km Not available Not available
Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive 2015 400 Wh/mi (2.50 mi/kWh)249 Wh/km (4.02 km/kWh) Not available 87 mi140 km Not available Not available
Nissan Leaf 2015 296 Wh/mi (3.38 mi/kWh)184 Wh/km (5.43 km/kWh) Not available 84 mi135 km Not available Not available
smart fortwo electric drive convertible 2015 315 Wh/mi (3.17 mi/kWh)196 Wh/km (5.11 km/kWh) Not available 68 mi109 km Not available Not available
smart fortwo electric drive coupe 2015 315 Wh/mi (3.17 mi/kWh)196 Wh/km (5.11 km/kWh) Not available 68 mi109 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S (60 kW-hr battery pack) 2015 350 Wh/mi (2.86 mi/kWh)217 Wh/km (4.60 km/kWh) Not available 208 mi335 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S (85 kW-hr battery pack) 2015 380 Wh/mi (2.63 mi/kWh)236 Wh/km (4.24 km/kWh) Not available 265 mi426 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S (90 kW-hr battery pack) 2015 380 Wh/mi (2.63 mi/kWh)236 Wh/km (4.24 km/kWh) Not available 265 mi426 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – 70D 2015 330 Wh/mi (3.03 mi/kWh)205 Wh/km (4.88 km/kWh) Not available 240 mi386 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – 85D 2015 340 Wh/mi (2.94 mi/kWh)211 Wh/km (4.73 km/kWh) Not available 270 mi435 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – 90D 2015 340 Wh/mi (2.94 mi/kWh)211 Wh/km (4.73 km/kWh) Not available 270 mi435 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – P85D 2015 360 Wh/mi (2.78 mi/kWh)224 Wh/km (4.47 km/kWh) Not available 253 mi407 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD – P90D 2015 360 Wh/mi (2.78 mi/kWh)224 Wh/km (4.47 km/kWh) Not available 253 mi407 km Not available Not available
Volkswagen Golf/GTI e-Golf 2015 292 Wh/mi (3.43 mi/kWh)181 Wh/km (5.52 km/kWh) Not available 83 mi134 km Not available Not available
BMW i3 BEV 2014 270 Wh/mi (3.70 mi/kWh)168 Wh/km (5.96 km/kWh) Not available 81 mi130 km Not available Not available
BYD e6 2014 540 Wh/mi (1.85 mi/kWh)336 Wh/km (2.98 km/kWh) Not available 127 mi204 km Not available Not available
Chevrolet Spark EV 2014 280 Wh/mi (3.57 mi/kWh)174 Wh/km (5.75 km/kWh) Not available 82 mi132 km Not available Not available
Fiat 500e 2014 290 Wh/mi (3.45 mi/kWh)180 Wh/km (5.55 km/kWh) Not available 87 mi140 km Not available Not available
Ford Focus Electric 2014 320 Wh/mi (3.13 mi/kWh)199 Wh/km (5.03 km/kWh) Not available 76 mi122 km Not available Not available
Honda Fit EV 2014 290 Wh/mi (3.45 mi/kWh)180 Wh/km (5.55 km/kWh) Not available 82 mi132 km Not available Not available
Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive 2014 400 Wh/mi (2.50 mi/kWh)249 Wh/km (4.02 km/kWh) Not available 87 mi140 km Not available Not available
Mitsubishi i-MiEV 2014 300 Wh/mi (3.33 mi/kWh)186 Wh/km (5.36 km/kWh) Not available 62 mi100 km Not available Not available
Nissan Leaf 2014 300 Wh/mi (3.33 mi/kWh)186 Wh/km (5.36 km/kWh) Not available 84 mi135 km Not available Not available
smart fortwo electric drive convertible 2014 320 Wh/mi (3.13 mi/kWh)199 Wh/km (5.03 km/kWh) Not available 68 mi109 km Not available Not available
smart fortwo electric drive coupe 2014 320 Wh/mi (3.13 mi/kWh)199 Wh/km (5.03 km/kWh) Not available 68 mi109 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S (60 kW-hr battery pack) 2014 350 Wh/mi (2.86 mi/kWh)217 Wh/km (4.60 km/kWh) Not available 208 mi335 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S (85 kW-hr battery pack) 2014 380 Wh/mi (2.63 mi/kWh)236 Wh/km (4.24 km/kWh) Not available 265 mi426 km Not available Not available
Tesla Model S AWD (85 kW-hr battery pack) 2014 380 Wh/mi (2.63 mi/kWh)236 Wh/km (4.24 km/kWh) Not available 242 mi389 km Not available Not available
Toyota RAV4 EV 2014 440 Wh/mi (2.27 mi/kWh)273 Wh/km (3.66 km/kWh) Not available 103 mi166 km Not available Not available
BYD e6 2013 540 Wh/mi (1.85 mi/kWh)336 Wh/km (2.98 km/kWh) Not available 127 mi204 km Not available Not available
CODA CODA 2013 460 Wh/mi (2.17 mi/kWh)286 Wh/km (3.50 km/kWh) Not available 88 mi142 km Not available Not available
Fiat 500e 2013 290 Wh/mi (3.45 mi/kWh)180 Wh/km (5.55 km/kWh) Not available 87 mi140 km Not available Not available

EPA and WLTP stay in separate columns. Miles are on the first line in both, kilometers on the second. Sorting uses the EPA value, then WLTP when EPA is missing.

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Highlighted brands have 2026 or 2027 models on sale. Grayed-out brands only have older models in the database.

Data updated .